Slic3r is one of the most important pieces of software in all of 3D printing. We are going to look at this software as part 1 of a 4 part series where we investigate the best 3D printing software, so you can choose the right tools for you.
What is Slic3r?
Like most software, and hardware for that matter, in 3D printing, Slic3r is a free, open source (under the GNU GPL license), “slicer” program for Windows, Mac and Linux, first written by Alessandro Ranellucci, and more recently with amazing additions from the Prusa 3D company.
While it feels like Slic3r has been around forever, it actually dates back to 2011, when the RepRap community was really kicking into full steam.
Many people only know it as part of their 3D printing host program (Pronterface, Repetier-Host, ReplicatorG, etc), if they realize they are using it at all, but that is part of the beauty of Slic3r in that it supports so many environments, operating systems, and hardware, and all for free. You will often see it bundled with printers, from the budget-friendly starter printers right up to printers in the prosumer level. In fact Lulzbot parent, Aleph Objects, Inc, sponsored the user guide and manual, and Prusa 3D have been adding to the software massively recently.
Why would a beginner use Slic3r?
As mentioned earlier, one of the most important and key reasons anyone would use Slic3r, at least to begin with, is the software is often bundled with your machine. Just think for a moment the experience of first using a 3D printer. Following instructions, setting up the hardware and software, configuring and calibrating. It’s all much easier when you are on the same page as the support helpline, community, and knowledge base.
In most cases that first use, then, is going to be with supplied software and configuration, and away you go. It’s ubiquitous so you can always find help in the community too.
For anyone starting from absolute zero, there is a configuration wizard that asks you the usual questions such as what kind of printer gcode flavour you are talking to (which might be confusing to beginners, so better to look that up or ask – if you have to ask, it’s probably RepRap Marlin, though), bed size, nozzle size, and so on. It’s not pretty but it does the job.
In use it has all the features that you would expect. You can manage speed, layer height, temperature, infill, and so on. It also has a basic STL repair tool that is not as effective as dedicated tools but still worthy of inclusion.
What would an advanced user get out of Slic3r?
Many people never progress from Slic3r for good reason. It does what it needs to!
But what about if you have several slicer options, what then?
One of the features people enjoy with Slic3r that is either missing, or not as readily usable as in Slic3r, is the ability to have variable layer heights.
With regular slicing your choice of layer height is a trade-off. Do you go for:
- Maximum speed of printing and shortest overall print time, with a large layer height (eg. 0.3mm on a 0.4mm nozzle).
- Finest, smoothest, output, especially on curves, for example 0.05mm layer height using 0.4mm nozzle.
Now, obviously, in reality it’s not that simple. You might have a model that is a treasure box. The bottom 60% is just a square box, with flat sides. The top is where you need the detail, as it curves you don’t want the visible steps that a large layer height would cause. Then again, you don’t want the entire print to extend for addition hours unnecessarily.
In some applications you would cut the two parts into separate print jobs then recombine them, but in Slic3r you have the option of setting the layer height where you need it, based on layers.
Prusa and Slic3r
If you want to really see what Slic3r can do then you need to head over and grab the Prusa edition of Slic3r. Out of my entire always-growing collection of 3D printers, it was Prusa that brought me back to Slic3r, and I am so glad they did.
The developers at Prusa are optimizing everything in the software, taking the original open source code and rewriting into C++ and adding code features such as parallelization in order to get more out of modern computer hardware.
While Slic3r Prusa Edition is included in the Prusa3D Drivers package for the Prusa i3 Mk2 printers, that’s not to say it’s only worthwhile for Prusa style printers.
- UI and speed improvements – These alone are worth giving it a try. If you are familiar with the original Slic3r, these enhancements won’t be a shock but they will be welcome. One of the annoying things about Slic3r previously was clicking something accidentally, waiting for it to calculate, then unchecking the choice you made and waiting again. Not so with Prusa’s version as background processing is turned off by default and actual slicing (after hitting the slice now button) is faster.
- Supports are improved and faster – I would still say Simplify3D and Meshmixer provide better supports, but Slic3r is gaining for general use.
- Ensure Wall Thickness – A noticeable aberration in Slic3r sliced models with curves or organic shapes was the occasional tea bag like texture of holes that could be left where walls were not water tight. This feature ensures that walls are correctly supported.
- Cubic Infill – If you need extra strength, but don’t want to sacrifice speed, try this bad boy out!
- Smooth Variable Layer Height – Recall above where I said you can manually set where you want different layer heights? Prusa edition of Slic3r takes this to new, um, heights! Rather than have a jump from one layer height to another, this feature allows you to paint a smooth, blended graduation of layer heights.
- And more to come
Slic3r Conclusions
Thankfully, the main faults of Slic3r are being addressed by Prusa. Most of the complaints historically were speed, clunky UI, and lack of development versus other software. That said, it’s still not the prettiest, and can be intimidating to people new to 3D printing. It does kind of look like something from 10 years ago, rather than using the latest and greatest design language. Where it shines though is its ubiquity and expanding capabilities, at a cost anyone can live with (free!).
Get the Prusa edition of the software here, and look out for the next entry in this series where we look at what’s happening in the world of Cura.
Thanks for the information. I am learning a lot about these printers from you.
great info, thanks
Thanks for this overview. I am doing a lot of research before buying my first printer and this is very helpful.
there is s lot of good information here for the new guys like myself. Soak up as much info as possible before moving on. It’s like a 3D printing software 101. Thank you for your time and effort!
Some very good info there, thanks.
Great info, Thanks! I’m awaiting my Prusa MK2S and having been playing with Slic3r a little bit and so far I like the software.
Great information! I look forward to the rest of the series.
Peace!
This is great information. I just found this post and I am looking forward to reading parts 2-4 next. Thank you.
I like the fact it can be improved on and that Prusa took that up and it’s still free! I also like the way Prusa made the layer heights gradually go up/down. Important for nice looking prints when you’re wanting to work with the speed it prints.